This research estimates by how much the NCS reduces childcare costs for families who use formal childcare in Ireland …

is increasing the earnings of families with children by reducing barriers to work. Another way is reform to the tax …-benefit system, including in-kind benefits, in a manner that targets families with children. This research is concerned with the … increasesto the Working Families Payment, to Child Support Payments and to Child Benefit, as well as the introduction of a means …

, significantly reducing unconditional cash benefits for large families. Using a sharp date-of-birth cutoff introduced by the reform …, we show that Jewish families substituted for the loss in government benefits by enrolling their school-aged children in … Jewish parents from having to reduce their completed fertility or to increase their labor supply. In contrast, Arab families …

reduction: the quasi-universal variant better protects large families. Although such revenues cover only a limited share of the …