high and allowing informal dismantlers to outbid formal recyclers. The model generates a formalization trap with multiple …

with a focus on employment formalization in Côte d'Ivoire. Using a randomized controlled trial with 448 MSMEs and a unique … employer-employee dataset, we find that the intervention led to employment formalization, driven by greater reported minimum … driven by selective formalization and increased awareness of regulation. The intervention's financial implications were …

This study investigates the impact of land formalization projects on women's tenure security in Pangani Ward, Coastal …-structured interviews, focus group discussions, and surveys to assess women's experiences with land formalization. The findings indicate … that land formalization has had positive effects, including enhanced tenure security through legal recognition, improved …

This study investigates the impact of land formalization projects on women's tenure security in Pangani Ward, Coastal …-structured interviews, focus group discussions, and surveys to assess women's experiences with land formalization. The findings indicate … that land formalization has had positive effects, including enhanced tenure security through legal recognition, improved …

with a focus on employment formalization in Côte d’Ivoire. Using a randomized controlled trial with 448 MSMEs and a unique … employer-employee dataset, we find that the intervention led to employment formalization, driven by greater reported minimum … driven by selective formalization and increased awareness of regulation. The intervention’s financial implications were …