Schengen, a village in southern Luxembourg on the river Moselle, is located where the territories of the initial contracting parties of the Schengen Agreement (France, Germany and the Benelux states) meet. It has become a synonym for the abolition of internal border controls and for free...

Schengen, a village in southern Luxembourg on the river Moselle, is located where the territories of the initial contracting parties of the Schengen Agreement (France, Germany and the Benelux states) meet. It has become a synonym for the abolition of internal border controls and for free...

Schengen, a small village in Luxembourg close to the border with Germany and France, has become synonymous with the free movement of people in Europe. The abolition of internal border controls has gone hand in hand with common rules for controlling external borders and reinforced judicial and...

Schengen, a small village in Luxembourg close to the border with Germany and France, has become synonymous with the free movement of people in Europe. The abolition of internal border controls has gone hand in hand with common rules for controlling external borders and reinforced judicial and...

This annual report presents updated insights into the labour mobility developments in EU and EFTA countries using data for 2022 and 2023. The analysis encompasses the mobility of all working-age EU citizens (aged 20-64). Chapter 1 delves into the movement and characteristics of the mobile...

As climate change progresses, the number of people who are being forced to leave their homes and cross borders due to environmental change is increasing. At the same time, they lack safe, orderly and regular migration pathways. Regional free movement can expand the leeway for those who are...

The Portable Document A1 (PD A1) (previously the E101 certificate) establishes the presumption that the holder is affiliated to the social security system of the Member State2 which has issued the certificate and confirms that the person concerned has no obligations to pay social security...

An important principle of the EU is that mobile persons do not lose their social security rights when moving to another Member State. Therefore, the EU rules on the coordination of social security systems provide that persons are entitled to export their benefits to another Member State. Article...

Cross-border healthcare within the EU can be defined as a situation in which the insured person receives healthcare in a Member State1 other than the Member State of insurance (i.e., competent Member State). Three cross-border healthcare situations are regulated under the Social Security...

The EU rules on the coordination of social security systems are based on some key principles protecting the social security rights of persons moving within the EU: a) the determination of a single applicable legislation; b) the prohibition of discrimination, reinforced by the equal treatment of...