Income (UBI) when its implementation involves a reduction in spending for other public services (welfare retrenchment). The …

personal income tax schedule for 2023 and 2024 as part of broader tax reforms set forth in its Medium-Term Revenue Strategy …. This study examines the fiscal and distributional effects of the personal income tax changes, employing a newly-created tax …-benefit microsimulation model for Rwanda. Specifically, we compare the reform to a business-as-usual scenario with the previous income tax …

A representative survey from August 2022 confirms public support for a universal basic income (UBI): Between 45 and 55 … percent of respondents are in favor of a universal basic income and the unconditional financial security it promises. Two … that younger people in particular as well as low-income earners and people with serious concerns about their own economic …