Universities often need outside assistance when teaching large classes. This is in the form of teaching assistants coming from the senior or graduate students, and professionals working part time at the university. This study addresses the issue of student outcomes in regard to the type and the...

Small sample properties are of fundamental interest when only limited data is avail- able. Exact inference is limited by constraints imposed by speci.c nonrandomized tests and of course also by lack of more data. These e¤ects can be separated as we propose to evaluate a test by comparing its...