EU bonds enjoy high credit ratings thanks to the backing by the EU budget which allows the EU to mobilise resources needed to ensure payments of interest and principal to investors. This memo describes how the EU meets its commitments towards investors.

Purpose - Having defined liquidity, the aim is to assess the predictive capacity of its representative variables, so that economic fluctuations may be better understood. Design/methodology/approach - Conceptual variables that are representative of liquidity will be used to formulate the...

This study aims to investigate the impact of financial stress and uncertainty on the returns of green and conventional bonds and stocks in the United States from 2010 to 2022. The research utilizes nonlinear and nonparametric analysis, which includes the quantile-on-quantile and nonparametric...