The "first track" of Joint Implementation under the Kyoto Protocol gives host and investor countries total freedom in …

-based Kyoto Mechanisms Joint Implementation, Clean Development Mechanism and International Emissions Trading. What strikes at … countries, i.e. Joint Implementation and International Emissions Trading. Against this background, this paper analyses how Joint … Implementation and International Emissions Trading might be distinguished and how they relate to each other. Based on this discussion …

Kyoto Protocol. For joint implementation, the investment climate and the emission reductions potential of a specific project …Under the 1997 Kyoto Protocol, economies in transition are eligible for both emissions trading (Article 17) and joint … implementation (Article 6). Guiding rules for implementing these mechanisms were decided through the Marrakech Accords in November …

and the developing world through joint implementation of emission abatement promises substantial economic gains to both … parties. In this context, the policy debate on joint implementation has addressed the question of how investment risks to …

opportunities for the private sector to participate in its "flexible mechanisms". One of these mechanisms is Joint Implementation … generated emission rights (which can be used for compliance under the European Union Emissions Trading Scheme). During the Joint … Implementation project cycle, these private parties can become involved in several types of disputes with various counterparties …