This article examines labor market dynamics in Bulgaria, Italy, and the United Kingdom by integrating demographic … pressures, wage and labor cost adjustment, redistribution mechanisms, inequality outcomes, and digital readiness into a single … convergence space and income-labor cost groupings. The results show that Bulgaria belongs to a low-income, fast-converging group …

The transformation of the labor market driven by digital technology has profoundly affected workers' income. Based on … data from the China Family Panel Studies (CFPS) 2014-2022 and the China Labor-force Dynamic Survey (CLDS) 2012-2018, this … paper systematically examines the causal effects of standard employment, traditional non-standard employment (labor dispatch …

Immigration has become a central driver of U.S. labor force growth. We document new empirical findings that shed light … on the relationships between immigration, labor shortages, wage growth, and job openings during the high …-immigration period of 2021-2024. The textbook search-and-matching model implies highly counterfactual labor market dynamics: it predicts …

Using register data, we document that the average German labor market, defined by hires in combinations of 3-digit … thresholds, 56 percent of these labor markets feature moderate or high concentration, covering 9 percent of workers …. Concentration remained relatively stable between 2012 and 2023. The labor market delineation strongly affects the measured level of …

This study examines the effectiveness of digital recruitment platforms in addressing labor shortages within Norway …, aligning with the European Union goals of sustainable labor mobility and economic resilience. …

local public works employment. These results provide evidence that labor market polarization is a self-reinforcing spatial …