liberalization of services markets in Croatia demonstrates that this is not necessarily the case, particularly when features of the …

liberalization of services markets in Croatia demonstrates that this is not necessarily the case, particularly when features of the …

This study investigates the dynamic effect of economic liberalization, privati‑ zation, and globalization on the export … liberalization, privatization, and global market integration since 1991 national eco‑ nomic reform. This model identified … liberalization, privatization, and globalization as in‑ dependent variables that mediated export performance under competitive …

Research about trade liberalization's impact on markups has focused on manufacturing due to data availability … liberalization as a natural experiment to evaluate its industry-specific effects on markups across all industries. We find negative … pro-competitive effects from trade liberalization than existing studies exclusively focusing on manufacturing firms. …

This paper examines how trade liberalization-induced labor demand shocks affect wages and non-wage working conditions …. Using exogenous trade shocks from EU enlargement and worker-level data, we find that export liberalization increases … unemployment. Import liberalization weakly affects working conditions but, consistent with previous studies, lowers wages as firms …