Insurances with capital funds (unit-linked, UFK), i.e. life and annuity saving and covering insurances combined with shares in selected investment funds of financial institutions are considered as additional form of pension saving. However, they are frequently seen as uneconomical products,...

This paper investigates the effects of a rise in interest rate and lapse risk of endowment life insurance policies on the liquidity and solvency of life insurers. We model the book and market value balance sheet of an average German life insurer, subject to both GAAP and Solvency II regulation,...