The estimation of age-to-age development factors is fundamental to loss reserving, with direct implications for risk management and regulatory compliance in the auto insurance sector. The precise and robust estimation of these factors underpins the credibility of case reserves and the effective...

Purpose - The purpose of this research is to develop a set of policies to solve the decarbonization issues of container terminal clusters. Design/methodology/approach - This research used the system dynamics approach to develop an integrated multi-issue policy model. Findings - We found that the...

Urban functional areas, as an important fundamental component of urban planning, hold significant importance for optimizing urban layouts, resource allocation, and the rational organization of socio-economic activities. Urban functional area division using traditional methods often has...

Startup clusters exert a significant influence on territorial dynamics and local urban development by attracting job opportunities, talent, and shaping market interest, supported by effective land use policies. This study examines the impact of Urban Development Policies (UDP) on technology...