Objective: The article aims to explore the potential differences between the two phases of entrepreneurship, i.e., total early-stage entrepreneurial activity and established business, as defined by the Global Entrepreneurship Monitor (GEM). The study aimed to classify entrepreneurs using various...

This paper explores algorithmic collusion from both legal and economic perspectives, underscoring the increasing influence of algorithms in firms’ market decisions and their potential to facilitate anti-competitive behaviour. By employing bandit algorithms as a model—typically used in...

This paper proposes a novel empirical strategy to estimate the causal effects of federal "redlining" – the mapping and grading of US neighborhoods by the Home Owners' Loan Corporation (HOLC). In the late 1930s, a federal agency created color-coded maps to summarize the financial risk of...

Projecting migration is challenging, due to the context-specific and discontinuous relations between migration and the socioeconomic and environmental conditions that drive this process. Here, we investigate the usefulness of Machine Learning (ML) Random Forest (RF) models to develop three net...

The credit risk assessment process is necessary for maintaining financial stability, cost and time efficiency, model performance accuracy, comparability analysis and future business implications in the commercial banking sector. By accurately predicting credit risk, highly regulated banks can...

The credit risk assessment process is necessary for maintaining financial stability, cost and time efficiency, model performance accuracy, comparability analysis and future business implications in the commercial banking sector. By accurately predicting credit risk, highly regulated banks can...