We estimate the child penalty using detailed personnel records that enable decomposition into distinct pay components. Our analysis reveals that the penalty is initially driven by reductions in time-based pay following childbirth. However, job-rank-based pay becomes increasingly significant over...

We estimate the child penalty using detailed personnel records that enable decomposition into distinct pay components. Our analysis reveals that the penalty is initially driven by reductions in time-based pay following childbirth. However, job-rank-based pay becomes increasingly significant over...

The ambition of this study was to identify the factors that influence the financial situations of small and medium enterprises (SMEs) in Somalia. The research objectives of this study were to determine how capital building affected the financial situations of SMEs in Somalia, how human resource...

The ambition of this study was to identify the factors that influence the financial situations of small and medium enterprises (SMEs) in Somalia. The research objectives of this study were to determine how capital building affected the financial situations of SMEs in Somalia, how human resource...