In a modernist interpretation of migration controls, nation states play a major role. This book challenges this interpretation by showing that comprehensive migration checks and permanent border controls appeared much earlier, in early modern dynastic states and empires, and predated nation...

This paper analyzes the international transmission of economic distur-bances in a three-country world where two countries have no macroeconomic impact on a third country but are large enough to influence each other un-der fixed and flexible exchange rates. While the fixed exchange rate (FER)...