This paper derives a closed-form expression for the expected discounted value of aggregate cash flows when arrival times follow a Poisson process but both the time horizon and the number of arrivals are finite. The result provides a tractable analytical formula for the expected discounted sum...

Background The outbreak of COVID-19 posed significant health and economic challenges worldwide, prompting governments to implement various containment measures, including quarantine policies. This study examines the cost-benefit analysis of Iran's quarantine policy during the pandemic,...