Project Pine is a joint research study by the New York Fed's New York Innovation Center and the BIS Innovation Hub Swiss Centre that explores if and how central banks can implement monetary policy in a potential future state where the financial sector widely adopts tokenisation in wholesale markets.

This report by the Consultative Group on Innovation and the Digital Economy (CGIDE) discusses theoretical and real-world use cases of tokenisation, which include initiatives run by the Central Bank of Brazil and the Central Bank of Colombia, and private sector-led initiatives discussed within...

Project Promissa showed that paper-based promissory notes, used to manage countries' financial commitments to multilateral development banks, can be redesigned using distributed ledger technology to address operational challenges and improve efficiency. Project Promissa explores how to make the...

We present tail risk analysis of cryptocurrencies (Bitcoin, Ethereum and Litecoin), non-fungible tokens, stocks (FTSE 100 and S&P 500) and Gold from November 12, 2017 to March 31, 2022 using conditional model-based Value-at-Risk (VaR). We explored which model specification and distributional...

The work provides a method for classifying blockchains and crypto-assets, facilitating their comparison for business and regulatory purposes. Blockchains - and more generally systems based on Distributed Ledger Technology (DLT) - adopt different technologic configurations, each distinguished by...

Non-fungible tokens (NFTs) are a form of cryptocurrency that is commonly employed in sectors such as collectibles, art, and gaming (Pinto-Gutiérrez et al., 2022). The purpose of this study is to analyse the factors that affect NFT holdings in Thailand. The data was collected from 812 Thai...