An overview of the current situation in the United States and a look to the future of low-level waste management are presented. Current problems and challenges are discussed, such as: the need of additional disposal sites in the future; risks and costs involved in transport of low-level wastes;...

We present the results of the ab initio theoretical study of the optical properties for PbFX (X = Cl, Br, I) compounds in its matlockite-type structure using the full potential linearized augmented plane wave (FP-LAPW) method as implemented in the WIEN2K code. We employed generalized gradient...

First-principles calculations based on density functional theory were used to study the high-pressure phases of both ZnF<Subscript>2</Subscript> and CdF<Subscript>2</Subscript>. We found that the sequence of the pressure-induced phase transitions is: Rutile (P4<Subscript>2</Subscript>/mnm) ↦ CaCl<Subscript>2</Subscript> (Pnnm) ↦ PdF<Subscript>2</Subscript> (Pa-3) and CaF<Subscript>2</Subscript> (Fm3m) ↦ PbCl<Subscript>2</Subscript> (Pnma) ↦...</subscript></subscript></subscript></subscript></subscript></subscript></subscript></subscript>

Particle condensation in magnetorheological suspensions (MRS) under external magnetic field is studied theoretically. It is shown that the bulk condensation of particles into dense phases is preceded by the formation of fairly long chain aggregates. Phase transition occurs as a condensation of...