ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Infrastructure and related services are crucial for facilitating economic activities, creatingemployment opportunities and generating economic growth. The African continent has ahuge infrastructure gap estimated by the World Bank at US$75 billion per annum.However, the current...

In the current context of demographic pressures, reforms of PAYG pension systems increase the extent to which individuals are responsible for their own retirement planning. The French pension system offered high replacement rates. The population used to consider that the State scheme had to...