Evaluation metrics are essential in selecting the most appropriate predictive model. Conventional metrics such as R-squared, root mean squared error (RMSE), and mean absolute percentage error (MAPE) rely on arithmetic averages, making them sensitive to outliers, undefined values, and scale...

In today's highly dynamic and volatile business environment, the performance of a supply chain significantly depends on its structure, technological capabilities, and the adaptability of its constituent stages. Supply chain mapping, an approach to represent complex supply chain networks, is...