Abstract Starting from the requirement that risk of financial portfolios should be measured in terms of their losses, not their gains, we define the notion of loss-based risk measure and study the properties of this class of risk measures. We characterize convex loss-based risk measures by a...

The choice of a smoothing parameter or bandwidth is crucial when applying non- parametric regression estimators. In nonparametric mean regression various meth- ods for bandwidth selection exists. But in nonparametric quantile regression band- width choice is still an unsolved problem. In this...

The choice of a smoothing parameter or bandwidth is crucial when applying nonparametric regression estimators. In nonparametric mean regression various methods for bandwidth selection exists. But in nonparametric quantile regression bandwidth choice is still an unsolved problem. In this paper a...

The environmental Kuznets curve (EKC) hypothesizes that the income-pollution rela- tionship has an inverted U shape: pollution increases with income up to a turning point beyond which it decreases. The empirical literature has concentrated on estimation of this relationship at the mean employing...