This study aims to design supply chain networks by considering strategic and operational decisions, increasing network efficiency, and reducing costs. Optimizing strategic decisions such as location of facilities, and operational decisions such as vehicle routing, greatly affect the network's...

Background: In this paper, a new closed-loop supply chain (CLSC) network model, including economic, social and environmental goals, is designed. This paper's primary purpose is to meet customers' uncertain demands in different scenarios where the new robust-fuzzy-probabilistic method has been...