of scale elasticity and returns to scale are inextricably related to the conditions of the stages of production. Thus, an … evaluation of efciency, scale elasticity, and returns to scale is sensitive to stages. In this study, we introduced a procedure … to calculate technical efciency and scale elasticity in a two-stage parallel-series production system. Then, our proposed …

In the nonparametric data envelopment analysis literature, scale elasticity is evaluated in two alternative ways: using … ex-ante price uncertainty in making their production decisions. To address these situations, a scale elasticity … evaluation was performed using a value-based cost efficiency model. However, this alternative value-based scale elasticity …