A stream of literature has been developed on the measurement of the efficient production of innovation, that is, innovation technical efficiency. However, the efficiency measured is quite fuzzy as no distinction is made between innovation short-run and long-run efficiencies. Also, African...

This paper considers the estimation of Kumbhakar et al. (J Prod Anal. doi:<ExternalRef> <RefSource>10.1007/s11123-012-0303-1</RefSource> <RefTarget Address="10.1007/s11123-012-0303-1" TargetType="DOI"/> </ExternalRef>, <CitationRef CitationID="CR30">2012</CitationRef>) (KLH) four random components stochastic frontier (SF) model using MLE techniques. We derive the log-likelihood function of the model using results from the closed-skew normal...</citationref></refsource></externalref>

This paper examines the short run inefficiencies that arise during gradual implementation of a new cost-effective technology in healthcare. These inefficiencies arise when health gains associated with the new technology cannot be obtained immediately because the new technology does not yet...

Purpose – In this paper, the authors aim to investigate the short‐run as well as long‐run market efficiency of Indian commodity futures markets using different asset pricing models. Four agricultural (soybean, corn, castor seed and guar seed) and seven non‐agricultural (gold, silver,...