local production structures and spatial organization. This paper examines the geography of short-run economic fragility …-like hierarchical clustering approach under spatial constraints that combines socio-economic dissimilarities with geographical proximity … differences in economic scale, while incorporating spatial information reveals coherent territorial structures. Industrial and …

provincial panel data from 2010 to 2019, to investigate the spatial effects of the transport development level on healthcare … spatial econometric analysis. The results of the evaluation show that both the transport development level and healthcare … efficiency in China improved during the study period, with both variables displaying significant spatial heterogeneity and …

This study applies a heteroscedastic spatial Durbin panel data model to investigate how sociodemographic and … analysis uses a balanced panel of 681 regions from 2018–2024, incorporating an 18-nearest-neighbor spatial weight matrix to … inference, enabling robust interpretation of marginal effects in the presence of spatial lags in dependent and independent …

and infrastructure along the value chain. Spatial clustering to identify the subregions can lead to a better …. This paper presents a holistic evaluation of different spatial algorithms based on existing and newly developed statistical …