Urban competitiveness is commonly attributed to necessitating particular types of socio‐spatial frameworks such as clustering on the basis of models of Marshall-Arrow-Romer (MAR), Porter, or Jacobs, since proximity is known as a key perquisite for knowledge spillover, innovation, and hence...

Exploring the spatial distribution pattern of rural relative poverty and its influencing factors is of great significance for solving the problem of poverty. This research calculates the relative poverty level of rural areas in China by using POVCAL software of the World Bank according to income...

Housing expenditure shares decline with income. A household's income determines its sensitivity to housing costs and drives its location decision. Has spatial skill sorting increased because low income individuals are avoiding increasingly expensive regions? I augment a standard quantitative...

This paper proposes that spatial policies improve economic outcomes by reducing barriers to supplying labour, with heterogeneous effects across demographic groups. Using quasi-experimental variation in Germany's fiscal transfer system, we estimate higher employment elasticities for female...

The pharmaceutical industry is a cornerstone of national economies and plays a critical role in public health. However, China's pharmaceutical industry faces significant challenges, including regional disparities in development. The existing research on operational efficiency evaluation...