In this study, the long-term impact of fixed-location speed enforcement cameras on driver behavior is analyzed using a difference-in-differences (DiD) approach on data from Ring Road I in Helsinki. The study reveals that speed cameras lead to significant, immediate reductions in speed at camera...

Infrastructure improvement is one of the driving forces behind growth and structural changes in the village economy. This study aims to determine the impact of improvements in rural infrastructure, particularly connecting roads between villages, on the direction of changes in the main income...