The threat of both offline and online child sexual abuse in the EU grows year by year, affecting 1.5 million children in the EU in 2022 alone. While progress has been made to better protect children online, existing criminal law rules on child sexual abuse and sexual exploitation are no longer...

Recent experience in civil litigation, particularly with opt-out class actions against corporations for competition law offences, has highlighted the efficiency of 'dual enforcement' as a strategy for fighting corporate crime. The success of the opt-out class action regime has resulted in...

This paper uses the rare opportunity of the first ever criminal conviction in the UK of a bank for breaches of AML Regulations (NatWest) to examine the AML framework. The article investigates whether the current framework and enforcement are working in addressing the breaches. The article...

When decision-makers overemphasize salient features under limited attention, biased decisions can result in settings in which decisions should be unbiased. We exploit a sudden shock in the salience of individuals of Moroccan descent in the Netherlands to test the vulnerability of decisions of...

We estimate the effect of granting legal status to immigrant women on voluntary abortions. We exploit the 2007 EU enlargement as an exogenous shock to legal status for Romanian and Bulgarian women, considering Italy as a destination country. Using a standard Difference-in-Differences model, we...

The use of prohibited tools facilitates the tracking and acquisition of wild animals, which makes it possible to destroy a greater number of prey, including those under state protection. Permission to use hunting tools is conditioned by the specific circumstances under which such tools are to be...