This paper explores the role of Standard Essential Patents (SEPs) in shaping technological development and regional innovation in Europe's telecommunications sector. Results reveal strong geographic concentration, particularly in Helsinki and Stockholm, which account for one-third of...

While economic factors in directed technical and scientific change have been widely studied, the role of teacher-directed scientific change has received little attention. This paper studies teacher-directed scientific change for one of the largest changes in the direction of research, the...

Smart classrooms represent innovative learning facilities that seamlessly blend physical reality with digital learning environments, facilitated by advanced technologies. As smart classrooms have significant impacts on individual learning and development, it is essential to comprehend...