The correct estimation of building energy consumptions is assuming an always increasing importance, and a detailed reproduction of building structures, with all the single components involved, is necessary to achieve this aim. In addition, the current ecological development tries to limit the...

The textured ZnO:Al films are used to enhance light trapping in thin film solar cells. The wet etch process is used to texture ZnO:Al films by dipping in diluted acidic solutions such as HCl (hydrogen chloride acid) or HF (hydrofluoric acid). During this process, the acidic solution can damage...

Insulation is one of the most effective methods intended for reducing energy consumption in both heating and cooling of buildings. Selecting the right materials and determining the optimum insulation thickness in building insulation application is an important issue. Moreover it is important to...

Infrared thermography is often used to record an image of the building envelope surface temperature, and thereby acquire qualitative information on its thermal insulation performance. Recently, a thermography method has evolved, which enables quantitative measurement of the 2-dimensional pattern...