Amid intensifying global climate challenges, market-based environmental instruments such as carbon emissions trading have emerged as pivotal tools for reducing energy consumption and curbing emissions. This study examines the impact of China's carbon trading pilot program using panel data from...

Guarantees of Origin (GOs) certificates were introduced by European governments to reduce information asymmetry in electricity markets. By providing verified information on the origin of electricity, GOs enable consumers to credibly identify and demand electricity from renewable sources. This...