Spent coffee grounds (SCG) waste poses significant environmental challenges, including greenhouse gas emissions and contamination risks. However, the existing reverse logistics (RL) systems remain inefficient, costly, and prone to contamination. Although previous studies have explored RL...

Fruit peels that are usually discarded as agricultural residues serve as a rich source of various nutrients, such as carbohydrates, proteins, vitamins, and minerals, necessary for the growth and development of any fish. Moreover, their low cost and available nutritional composition provide a...

A large share of the vegetable oil market is today shifting from food to the energy sector. This trend led to discussions about the chance of confliction between these two chains and its possible social and environmental consequences. Moreover the increasing interest in pure vegetable oils for...