The modern digital public sphere requires effective content moderation systems that balance the interests of states, technology companies, and the public. This article examines how two pieces of legislation establish regulatory intermediaries in an attempt to strike this balance: the EU's...

Trusted flaggers have long played a role in content moderation: a bilateral, voluntary affair between online platforms and individuals or organisations that are afforded prioritised access to the content moderation process. Due to their expertise, they are trusted to 'flag' illegal or harmful...

Online platforms have transformed how we live. This has raised concerns around how such platforms impact citizens' constitutionally-protected rights and freedoms, such as the freedom of expression and information, right to privacy, and protection from discrimination. To hold online platforms to...

The European Central Bank (ECB) acknowledges that the use of cloud services offers various benefits to supervised entities. Compared to internal information and communication technology (ICT) infrastructure, cloud services are cost efficient, scalable, secure due to providers using cutting-edge...

Capabilities enable performance, but how does their absence constrain performance? We ask this critical question as firms continuously adapt to the fast-evolving environment, refreshing their capabilities. Studying outsourcing service provider capabilities in digital transformational outsourcing...

On October 4, 2021, all services provided by Meta Platforms, Inc. (then Facebook, Inc.) became unavailable unexpectedly for all its worldwide users for a period of about six hours. We use detailed high‐frequency tracking data from smartphones, tablets and desktop computers of thousands of Meta...