Die Handelspolitik der USA ist aktuell vor allem eines: chaotisch. Es scheint unmöglich, das Vorgehen der Trump-Regierung glaubwürdig zu prognostizieren. Doch auch in diesem durch extreme Unsicherheit geprägten Umfeld müssen sich politische und wirtschaftliche Akteure in der Europäischen...

Recent trade wars have confronted the trade policy literature with a major puzzle. How can we explain protectionist tendencies in the context of global economic integration? In this article, I aim to provide an answer to the question why, and under which conditions, internationally oriented...

Creativity and innovation are now being encouraged in businesses because of technopreneurship, especially as the Fourth Industrial Revolution (IR 4.0) picks up. In addition, the evolution brought by technology has influenced our everyday lives, jobs and communication, making it easier for...

This study explores the critical role of cultural adaptation in digital marketing strategies employed by Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) in Java, Indonesia, within the context of a rapidly digitizing marketplace and shifting consumer behaviors. The research employs a systematic...

The Korean shipping industry, which had been striving to recover from the Asian Financial Crisis, underwent significant quantitative expansion between 2004 and 2008. This growth was largely fueled by the so-called "China Effect," which generated a global shipping boom, during which an average of...