views of respondents with different origins: West Germany, East Germany, immigrants from different world regions, and second …-generation migrants in West Germany. The results highlight remarkable differences between respondents from West and East Germany, with the …

In West Germany, the average size of establishments declined during the 1990s and started to increase again in the late …

We investigate the wage assimilation of East Germans who migrated to West Germany after reunification (1990-1999). We … to West Germany who arrived at the same time. The analysis uses administrative as well as survey data. The results … suggest that East Germans faced significant initial earnings disadvantages in West Germany, even conditional on age and …

We investigate the wage assimilation of East Germans who migrated to West Germany after reunification (1990-1999). We … to West Germany who arrived at the same time. The analysis uses administrative as well as survey data. The results … suggest that East Germans faced significant initial earnings disadvantages in West Germany, even conditional on age and …

of West Germany, a western-style market economy. We investigate the effect of this integration on patenting activity by …, the gap between East and West Germany widened considerably over time. This divergence in innovation activity suggests that … where both East and West Germany were specialized in before re-unification. The same applies to technologies where only West …