This paper examines evidence on colocation dates and their impact on market efficiency. International colocation dates can be sourced from a number of avenues including: [1] an 'exchange's news announcements and reports, [2] news media, and [3] by direct communication with the officers of an...

We propose a framework to study optimal trading policies in a one-tick pro-rata limit order book, as typically arises in short-term interest rate futures contracts. The high-frequency trader chooses to post either market orders or limit orders, which are represented respectively by impulse...

We build statistical models to describe how market participants choose the direction, price, and volume of orders. Our dataset, which spans sixteen weeks for four shares traded in Euronext Amsterdam, contains all messages sent to the exchange and includes algorithm identification and member...