&D investment and certification to international standards are connected by identifying common factors that influence standards … certification and business investment in R&D and examining the potential associations between the two. First, we examine the … relationship between standards certification and R&D investments in European firms and identify enterprise characteristics that …

Third-party certification (TPC) is the standard approach to quality assurance for organic production, but its … guarantee the quality of organic products could foster the inclusion of smallholders by lowering certification costs, increasing …

With the Carbon Removal Certification Framework (CRCF), adopted in 2024, the EU established a voluntary framework for … carbon removal certification, which includes criteria for the certification of removals, rules for the certification process … and the recognition of certification schemes. This report discusses the options for how certified removal units may be …

feedstock availability, technology pathway, safety certification, and sustainability standards. On the production side, the … certification standpoint, the safety certification process, primarily governed by ASTM D4054, is lengthy, costly, and sample …-intensive, thereby raising the entry barrier for new SAF technologies. Additionally, the global sustainability certification standards …

affiliated with The Spark Project (TSP), we unpack grassroots perspectives on certification, government engagement, and the risks … a harmonized definition and inclusive certification system hinders trust-building and policy integration. Respondents …

prosecutors-which penalize purchases of livestock from illegally deforested areas but act as a green certification mechanism …