This paper investigates the effect of class-size reduction on students' academic outcomes, with a particular emphasis … on its heterogeneity based on classmates' characteristics. We estimate the causal effects of class-size reduction on … endogeneity, we employ the predicted class size with a cap as an instrumental variable for the actual class size. Utilizing rich …

This paper investigates the effect of class-size reduction on students' academic outcomes, with a particular emphasis … on its heterogeneity based on classmates' characteristics. We estimate the causal effects of class-size reduction on … endogeneity, we employ the predicted class size with a cap as an instrumental variable for the actual class size. Utilizing rich …

Class size reduction mandates are frequent and invariably justified by studies reporting positive effects on student … elsewhere. The implied class size effect is zero for all identification approaches except Tennessee's Student …

Class size reduction mandates are frequent and invariably justified by studies reporting positive effects on student … elsewhere. The implied class size effect is zero for all identification approaches except Tennessee's Student …