The rise of intermediary-less decentralized finance (“DeFi”) lending has led many to wonder how it should be regulated. Although DeFi lending could potentially offer reduced risks of centralization and market frictions, investors in DeFi lending are currently exposed to centralized risks and...

We study how to regulate a monopolistic firm using a robust-design, non-Bayesian approach. We derive a policy that minimizes the regulator's worst-case regret, where regret is the difference between the regulator's complete-information payoff and his realized payoff. When the regulator's payoff...

The essay investigates the metaverse considering its features and the need for a protection that goes beyond the safeguards set forth by the Consumer Code, concluding that a new model of market regulation should protect the rights and interests related to savings and investments

This article examines the impact of the energy crisis, as a consequence of the Russian-Ukrainian conflict, on commodity derivatives trading regulation in Europe. More specifically, as a consequence of gas futures prices being elevated and highly volatile, European legislators introduced on 22...

This article analyzes the regulatory landscape and policy implications of decentralized energy trading using blockchain technology. It discusses the need for adaptive regulatory frameworks, regulatory innovation, challenges, and opportunities, and the role of regulators in shaping the...

The theory of incentive regulation has guided the evolution of regulatory regimes for energy networks across Europe for most of the 2000s. Recent examples of regulatory reform, however, show a worrying trend towards neglect of these principles. This article critically discusses two recent...

This paper analyses the role of third parties in the enforcement of the Foreign Subsidy Regulation (FSR). It focuses on competitors, customers, and suppliers – market participants directly affected by distortive foreign subsidies – as a special form of third parties.Third parties might have...

The downfall of Enron Corporation often epitomizes corporate fraud. One of the world’s fastest growing and most inventive companies, Enron had engaged in a range of complex structured hedging transactions designed to achieve accounting rather than operating results. Its principal motivation,...

This Article responds to the call in technology-law literature for high-level frameworks to guide regulation of the development and use of Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies. Accordingly, it adapts a generalized form of the fintech Innovation Trilemma framework to argue that a regulatory...