This paper makes the case for measuring economic activity in real time in a middle-income setting using indicators alternative to the standard System of National Accounts measure of gross domestic product (GDP). GDP remains indispensable, yet its limits as a welfare proxy are amplified where...

This paper makes the case for measuring economic activity in real time in a middle-income setting using indicators alternative to the standard System of National Accounts measure of gross domestic product (GDP). GDP remains indispensable, yet its limits as a welfare proxy are amplified where...

Since most macroeconomic data are revised after the initial release both researchers and policy-makers have no choice rather than recognising and understanding the revisions. This paper analyses revisions to the fiscal data in the euro area, also by contrasting them with the 'better-understood'...