The article is engaged in the improvement of quarterly information on the gross domestic product by type of expenditures from the first expectations to final data. It concludes that the first estimate of GDP is under-estimated. This underestimation is caused by underestimation of the final...

The choice of deflators of commodity prices can change the time-series properties of the original series. This is a specific application of the general phenomenon that various kinds of data transformations can create spurious cycles that did not exist in the original data. Different empirical...

The choice of deflators of commodity prices can change the time-series properties of the original series. This is a specific application of the general phenomenon that various kinds of data transformations can create spurious cycles that did not exist in the original data. Different empirical...