For-profit providers are becoming an increasingly important fixture of US higher education markets. Students who attend … point to low returns to for-profit enrollment that have important implications for public investments in higher education as …

This paper estimates private and social returns to investment in education in Turkey, using the 2017 Household Labor … Force Survey and alternative methodologies. The analysis uses the 1997 education reform of increasing compulsory education … by three years as an instrument. This results in a private rate of return on the order of 16 percent for higher education …

participants. The children of treated participants have fewer school suspensions, higher levels of education and employment, and …