Environmental, social, and governance (ESG)-based investment strategies aim to integrate not only economic but also ethical and environmental dimensions into financial decision-making processes to promote sustainable economic growth. However, the relative effects of ESG criteria on economic...

The concept of Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) has emerged as a central framework for organizational sustainability, alongside employee performance and retention as critical human capital outcomes. This study addresses a notable gap in the literature by situating ESG practices within...