The study investigates what causes non-performing loans (NPLs) in developed and developing countries. To identify the relationship between bank-specific, macroeconomic determinants, and institutional environment non-performing loans on country-level panel data of Developing nations for the...

A growing body of post-global financial crisis (2007-2008) literature documents several undesirable effects of enlarged financial sectors. One of these effects is the 'growth cost' of excessive finance, which reports that the finance-growth relationship is non-monotonic, and that a credit...

Despite the plethora of studies on determinants of carbon dioxide emissions, studies that consider the role of population size in an environmental Kuznets curve (EKC) framework are scanty in the environmental literature. Relying on the stochastic impacts by regression on population, affluence,...

This study adopted a novel quantile regression via moments to explore the effects of military spending on the distribution of economic growth of 14 MENA countries over the period from 1981 to 2019. The method, apart from enabling us to investigate the effects of military spending on the...