external instruments can result in inconsistent estimates of the dynamic causal effects of interest if the breaks are not … combines external instruments with "informative" changes in volatility, thus obviating the need to assume proxy relevance and … estimated in the literature, complementing the fiscal instruments with information derived from the massive reduction in …

external instruments can result in inconsistent estimates of the dynamic causal effects of interest if the breaks are not … combines external instruments with "informative" changes in volatility, thus obviating the need to assume proxy relevance and … estimated in the literature, complementing the fiscal instruments with information derived from the massive reduction in …

protectionism, typically termed neoprotectionism, is put into practice using a wide variety of non-tariff instruments, with a … policy instruments in the world goods trade in the years 2010-2022. The study was based on source materials from the Global …

nonseparable triangular models with binary or discrete instruments. We extend our analysis to flexible models of increasing …