This article compares maximum likelihood (ML) estimation to three variants of two-stage least squares (2SLS) estimation in structural equation models. The authors use models that are both correctly and incorrectly specified. Simulated data are used to assess bias, efficiency, and accuracy of...

Consumer perceptions of advertising creativity are investigated in a series of studies beginning with scale development and ending with comprehensive model testing. Results demonstrate that perceptions of ad creativity are determined by the interaction between divergence and relevance, and that...

Let y be a vector endogenous variables and let w be a vector of covariates, parameters and errors or unobservables that together are assumed to determine y. A structural model y=H(y,w) is complete and coherent if it has a well defined reduced form, meaning that for any value of w there exists a...

We propose estimators of features of the distribution of an unobserved random variable W. What is observed is a sample of Y; V; X where a binary Y equals one when W exceeds a threshold V determined by experimental design, and X are covariates. Potential applications include bioassay and...

In Japan, demands for Broadband Internet Access and Internet Telephony have increased dramatically in recent years. According to official sources, as of September 2005, there were 21.4 million users of Broadband Internet Access and 9.76 million IP telephones in use. In this study, we employ a...