occupations that represent substantial upward mobility relative to their parents' current employment in elementary or agricultural …

This paper examines the geography of intergenerational income mobility in South Africa across districts and … complementary mobility measures-intergenerational income elasticity, rank-rank persistence, and absolute upward mobility (p25)-are … mobility across districts and former-homeland areas, which is correlated with area characteristics. Lower absolute upward …

We construct two new large-scale datasets to measure relative and upward educational mobility by sex, race, class, and … mobility rose over the 20th century, with historically disadvantaged groups experiencing the largest gains. We also document … for their educational mobility today than it did at midcentury. Using a state-border design, we show that greater public …