Almeida, Goncalo; Bacao, Fernando - In: Data science and management : DSM 8 (2025) 4, pp. 436-446
's data, where critical outcomes tend to be inherently rare. To address this challenge, we propose a novel oversampling … approach, the counterfactual synthetic minority oversampling technique (Counterfactual SMOTE), which combines SMOTE with a … counterfactual generation framework. Our method intrinsically performs an oversampling process near the decision boundary within a …