This study documents a new fact about educational production: Students' relative standing in noncognitive skills has lasting effects on educational trajectories that are distinct from those of absolute skill levels and cognitive achievement. Using administrative data covering the universe of...

This paper studies how parental leave quotas may foster a more gender-equal division of parental responsibilities by increasing fathers' uptake of leave beyond the reserved amount. Specifically, the paper examines whether the introduction and expansion of 30-days parental leave quotas in Sweden...

This paper studies how parental leave quotas may foster a more gender-equal division of parental responsibilities by increasing fathers' uptake of leave beyond the reserved amount. Specifically, the paper examines whether the introduction and expansion of 30-days parental leave quotas in Sweden...

This paper studies how the timing of excluding disruptive pupils affects peer outcomes. While removal can generate positive spillovers, delays may harm peers. We interpret exclusions as determining the timing of removal, and estimate the effect of earlier versus later exclusion. Using an...