In the Philippines, skills mismatch has persisted since the 1970s, when the higher education system produced more college graduates than the economy could absorb. Prolonged skills mismatch can result in adverse outcomes such as lower wages, decreased job satisfaction, diminished productivity,...

Over the past four decades, automation technologies have replaced routine tasks performed by medium-skilled workers, and contributed to increased labor market polarization. With the advent of artificial intelligence, this dynamic may have shifted, extending task substitution to non-routine tasks...

This work aims to determine whether the difference between skill and education-based measures of labour mismatch affects the estimates of the labour mismatch-earnings relationship as specified by Verdugo and Verdugo's (1989) version of over, required and undereducation (ORU) Mincer earnings...