Increasing evidence indicates that a large share of granted patents are ''undeserved'' because they do not meet the criteria of novelty or non-obviousness. In recent decades, many jurisdictions introduced patent reforms to avoid weak patent applications and improve legal patent quality. In...

The paper validates a framework which is based on EFQM and associates quality criteria to results and outputs, reflecting the organization readiness and efficiency. The paper studies the views of school principals of Kindergarten and Elementary Schools in Greece. A nationwide survey provides a...

As one of the most strategically relevant and financially promising developing industries, the requirements for autonomous driving (AD) systems' reliability are dramatically higher than in the driver-based car industry. Using the analytic hierarchy process method, this study conducts a...

When identifying trade costs, the assumption of iceberg-type costs causes biases when specific (per-unit) costs exist. Although some studies measure the magnitude of specific costs, they suffer from self-selection bias. Furthermore, studies that account for selection and quality heterogeneity do...

Every organization's response to environmental challenges is to improve quality by adopting modern concepts and a new approach to quality. This includes, of course, the developed and implemented quality management systems. Ensuring quality and managing it today is an inevitability, so a great...

This paper updates how archival audit research has evolved since the summary in Francis (2004) of what we knew then about audit quality. The paper describes an evolution from “going big” and asking basic questions about the audit market, institutions, and audit quality, to “going small”...